The law aims to ensure efficient and environmentally sound use of energy in its production and consumption; encourage the development and application of energy efficient technologies; extraction and production of less expensive petroleum products, natural gas, coal and other types of natural fuel; ensure accuracy and uniformity of measurements, as well as accounting for energy produced and consumed in terms of both quality and quantity; execution of supervision and control by the state over the efficiency of energy production and consumption, as well as over the state of energy equipment and energy supply and consumption systems.
 
 The law establishes a general legal framework to secure the conservation of national energy resources and its efficient use and outlines the frameworks for extraction, production, refining, storage, transport, transmission, distribution and consumption of thermal and electric energy and also proposes various provisions for economic measures that would enable rational energy use.
 
 The 1997 Parliament decree on its enforcement ruled that the cabinet of ministers should bring all governmental decisions in accord with the law and any that are inconsistent or in contradiction or revision to be invalid.

The law was amended in May 2020 notably to update energy efficiency regulations and administrative processes.