China
Climate targets: Energy
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Approximately 40 gigawatts of additional hydro power capacity will be installed during both the 14th and 15th Five-Year Plan periods, respectively, while a renewable energy system based largely on hydro power will be generally established in southwestern China.
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By 2025, domestic capacity for primary refining of crude oil will be kept below 1 billion metric tons, and the utilisation rate of production capacity for main products will rise to 80% or more.
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By 2025, installed capacity of new types of energy storage will reach 30 gigawatts or more. By 2030, installed pumped-storage hydro power capacity will reach approximately 120 gigawatts, and provincial-level electrical grids will be equipped with peak load response capacity of 5% or more.
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By 2025, the annual comprehensive production capacity of domestic energy will reach more than 4.6 billion tons of standard coal, the annual output of crude oil will recover and stabilize at the level of 200 million tons, the annual output of natural gas will reach more than 230 billion cubic meters, and the total installed capacity of power generation will reach about 3 billion kilowatts. The energy reserve system will be further improved, and the independent energy supply capacity will be further enhanced. The power emergency safety guarantee capability of key cities, core areas and important users has been significantly improved.
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Reduce energy consumption per unit of GDP by at least an additional 3.4% in 2016 by 2016 against a 2015 baselineSource:
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Increase the share of non-fossil fuel primary energy consumption to 11.4% by 2015
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Non-fossil energy from 12% to 15% of primary energy consumption by 2020Source:
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Geothermal energy to reach 50 million tons of standard coal by 2020
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Non-fossil energy will account for 15% of primary energy consumption by 2020
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Develop biomass energy. We will give priority to the construction of biomass polygeneration projects, accelerate the development of biogas power generation, and promote urban waste incineration and landfill gas power generation. To realize the industrialization of biomass forming fuels, accelerate the industrialization of biomass liquid fuels, and actively develop biomass gas supply. In 2020, the installed capacity of biomass power generation in China will reach 30 million kilowatts, the annual biomass consumption of biomass fuel will reach 50 million tons, the annual utilization of biogas will reach 44 billion cubic meters, and the annual utilization of biological liquid fuel will reach 130 billion cubic meters.
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Promote the diversification of solar energy use. Build a batch of "10,000 kilowatt-class" large-scale photovoltaic power plants. In 2020, the installed capacity of solar power generation will reach 100 million kilowatts, and the installed area of ??solar thermal utilization will reach 800 million square meters
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Installed capacity of conventional hydropower will strive to reach 350 million kilowatts, and the annual power generation capacity will be 1.2 trillion kilowatt-hours by 2020
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Decrease the energy intensity of GDP by 16% by 2015 against a 2011 baseline
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Reduce energy consumption per unit of GDP by 15% from 2015 levels by 2020 against a 2015 baselineSource:
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By 2020, the total primary energy consumption will be controlled at around 4.8 billion tons of standard coal.
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For group access standards, coal consumption for newly-built coal-fired power generation units is lower than 300 grams per kilowatt-hour of standard coal, and pollutant emissions are close to those of gas-fired gas turbines by 2014
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Total energy consumption capped at 5 billion metric tons of standard coal equivalent by 2020Source:
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By 2020, it will cumulatively increase the verified geological reserves of conventional gas by 5.5 trillion cubic meters, and produce 178 billion cubic meters of conventional natural gas per year by 2020 against a 2014 baseline
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By 2020, the proportion of coal consumption will be controlled within 62% by 2020 against a 2014 baseline
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By 2020, the total primary energy consumption will be controlled at about 4.8 billion tons of standard coal, and the total coal consumption will be controlled at about 4.2 billion tons by 2020 against a 2014 baseline
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Safe and efficient development of nuclear power. On the basis of ensuring safety, the company will effectively develop nuclear power, upgrade the safety level of nuclear power plants, and steadily advance nuclear power construction. The total installed capacity in 2020 reached 58 million kilowatts. by 2020 against a 2014 baseline
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The proportion of natural gas consumption in primary energy consumption will exceed 10%, and the utilization volume will reach 3.6 trillion cubic meters by 2020 against a 2014 baseline
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Increase the percentage of non-fossil fuels in primary energy consumption to 15% by 2020 against a 2014 baseline
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The proportion of non-fossil energy in total energy consumption to about 20%.”Source:
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By 2025, the share of non-fossil fuels in total energy consumption will reach around 20%, while energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP will drop by 13.5% and 18%, respectively, compared with 2020 levels
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By 2030, the share of non-fossil energy consumption will reach around 25%, and carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP will have dropped by more than 65% compared with the 2005 level, successfully achieving carbon dioxide peaking before 2030.
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Ensure in principle that no less than 50% of electricity transmitted via newly constructed lines is generated from renewable resources
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By 2030, total installed generation capacity of wind and solar power will reach above 1200 gigawatts.
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By 2025, renewable resources will account for 8% of the alternative to conventional energy used in buildings, and we will strive to reach 50% photovoltaic coverage on the roofs of newly constructed public buildings and factories.
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By 2025, the national energy consumption per unit of GDP will drop by 13.5% compared with 2020, the total energy consumption will be reasonably controlled, and the total emissions of chemical oxygen demand, ammonia nitrogen, nitrogen oxides, and volatile organic compounds will drop by 8% compared with 2020. %, 8%, more than 10%, more than 10%. The energy conservation and emission reduction policies and mechanisms have been improved, the energy utilization efficiency of key industries and the control level of major pollutant emissions have basically reached the international advanced level, and remarkable results have been achieved in the green transformation of economic and social development.
20% non-fossil share -
The ability to guarantee energy security has been greatly improved, and green production and consumption patterns
Widely formed, the proportion of non-fossil energy consumption will be increased on the basis of reaching 25% in 2030.
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By 2025, the proportion of flexible power supply will reach about 24%, and the response capacity of the power demand side will reach 3% to 5% of the maximum power load.
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The low-carbon transformation of energy has achieved remarkable results. Carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP have been reduced by 18% in five years. By 2025, the proportion of non-fossil energy consumption will increase to about 20%, the proportion of non-fossil energy power generation will reach about 39%, the level of electrification will continue to improve, and electricity will account for about 30% of final energy consumption.
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By 2020, shale gas production will strive to exceed 30 billion cubic meters by 2020 against a 2014 baseline
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By 2020, natural gas will account for more than 10% by 2020 against a 2014 baseline
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Vigorously develop wind power. Accelerate the construction of 80 million-kilowatt-class wind power bases in the --Three North Region- and coastal areas, and build inland small and medium-sized wind power and offshore wind power projects in line with local conditions, and strengthen all kinds of grid-connected auxiliary projects. In 2020, the installed capacity of grid-connected wind power will reach 200 million kilowatts
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For further analysis of the NDC, see China country profile on
from the Grantham Research Institute
from the Grantham Research Institute
